Question.1782 - Introduction In each unit, you have writing assignments that will support your understanding of key material. Unit 1 will focus on providing the basics of epigenetics and brain function. This assignment assesses ULO 1.3. Instructions We are in an era of learning more about neurology and how it relates to the cognitive tradition. For this class, it is helpful to have a basic understanding of brain structure and function. Dr. Dan Siegel provides a HANDy model of the brain on the Unit 1 videos page (https://averett.instructure.com/courses/8321/pages/required-videos) . Create and submit a worksheet that discusses the following: Brain Cortex Limbic system Brain stem Connectome Hippocampus Amygdala 4 lobes and functions 2 hemispheres and functions Corpus callosum Neuron Dendrite Axon Synapse Neurotransmitters - Discuss function and associations with mental disorders. Acetylcholine Dopamine Endorphins Gamma-aminobutryic acid (GABA) Glutamate18/10/2023, 11:10 Brain Structure https://averett.instructure.com/courses/8321/assignments/190223 2/4 Assignments Norepinephrine Serotonin Formatting Expectations When citing your textbook or other resources, be sure to list your references at the end of your worksheet. Use APA guidelines for this assignment (12-point font, 1-inch margins, double spaced). A good resource is OWL (https://owl.purdue.edu/index.html) or Averett’s Writing Center.
Answer Below:
Brain Cortex: It is the most evolved and sophisticated region of the human brain as well as the outermost layer (Hashem, et al., 2020). It is essential to many higher-order cognitive tasks. Limbic system: It's an intricate network of brain regions which are responsible for controlling feelings, recall, and some elements of behaviour. Brain stem: The thinking portion of the brain," has a connection directly the spinal column by the neural stem, which is located at the base of the brain. It regulates vital life-supporting processes such as heart rate, respiration, as well as arterial pressure. Connectome: This provides an extensive diagram of the neural wiring within the brain that links together cells including their functioning relationships. Hippocampus: It pertains to a portion of the mind, located mainly during the medial longitudinal cortex that plays a role in the creation and integration of freshly acquired memories, especially coherent or memories that are episodic (Kostovi?, et al., 2021). Amygdala: It refers to an almond-like structure within the temporal lobe that is crucial for understanding and controlling emotions, particularly those associated with aggression and anxiety. 4 lobes and functions: Frontal Lobe: Associated with higher cognitive functions, including reasoning, planning, problem-solving, and motor control. Parietal Lobe: Involved in processing sensory information related to touch, spatial orientation, and body awareness. Temporal Lobe: Responsible for auditory processing, language, memory, and some aspects of visual processing (Richardson, 2012). Occipital Lobe: Primarily responsible for visual processing. 2 hemispheres and functions: Language manufacturing, rational thought and critical thought are all frequently attributed to the left hemisphere. The Right Hemisphere seems a greater participant in innovation, spatial skills, and detecting others' psychological clues (Van den Bergh, Dahnke, & Mennes, 2018). Corpus callosum: It refers to a significant network of nerve cells which links and promotes information among the brain's distinct cerebral hemispheres. Neuron: They are also referred to as nerve cells and are the basic components of the neurological system. They communicate by sending electromagnetic as well as chemical messengers. Dendrite: The branch-like expansions of neurons known as dendrites are responsible for receiving impulses from adjacent neurons. They acquire information from outside sources and send it through cells throughout the body (Barbas, 2015). Axon: The axon comprises a lengthy, slender projection of a cell's neuron which delivers electrical impulses to other cells or targeted cells by carrying them beyond the particular cell's core. Synapse: A synapse is a space or gap among a pair of neurons via which data is sent through a single neuron towards the next. Chemical compounds called neurotransmitter are essential for signal transmission through synapses. Neurotransmitters - Discuss function and associations with mental disorders. Acetylcholine: It serves as a component of the parasympathetic neural framework, which controls sleep and absorption, as well as also contributes to muscle activation (Richardson, 2012). Alzheimer's condition. Dopamine: It contributes to mobility, motivation, rewards, and mood management. anxiety, bipolar disorder, and Endorphins: They aid in pain relief and foster emotions of happiness and exhilaration. Addiction and the sense of pain. Gamma-aminobutryic acid (GABA): It promotes neurological relaxation and preserves the harmony of excitatory along with inhibiting impulses. Epilepsy, anxiety disorders, Glutamate: It serves in charge of promoting synaptic remodelling and brain activity. It is essential for retention and recall (Barbas, 2015). Mood problems. Norepinephrine: It helps people stay attentive and focused so they can accomplish tasks. Both depression and anxiety. Serotonin: Work serves as the "feel-good" stimulant and affects how we feel, sleep, eat, and behave around others (Van den Bergh, Dahnke, & Mennes, 2018). Stress, anger, mood swings. References Hashem, S., Nisar, S., Bhat, A. A., Yadav, S. K., Azeem, M. W., Bagga, P., ... & Haris, M. (2020). Genetics of structural and functional brain changes in autism spectrum disorder. Translational psychiatry, 10(1), 229. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-020-00921-3 Kostovi?, I., Radoš, M., Kostovi?-Srzenti?, M., & Krsnik, }. (2021). Fundamentals of the development of connectivity in the human fetal brain in late gestation: from 24 weeks gestational age to term. Journal of Neuropathology & Experimental Neurology, 80(5), 393-414. https://doi.org/10.1093/jnen/nlab024 Richardson, M. P. (2012). Large scale brain models of epilepsy: dynamics meets connectomics. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry, 83(12), 1238-1248. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2011-301944 Van den Bergh, B., Dahnke, R., & Mennes, M. (2018). Prenatal stress and the developing brain: Risks for neurodevelopmental disorders. Development and Psychopathology, 30(3), 743-762. doi:10.1017/S0954579418000342 Barbas, H. (2015). General cortical and special prefrontal connections: principles from structure to function. Annual review of neuroscience, 38, 269-289. https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/full/10.1146/annurev-neuro-071714-033936More Articles From Psychology
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