Question.960 - History 115-7440 Spring Semester 2023 Professor Oscar Cañedo Guidelines for JSTOR Review Assignment For this assignment, you are to read a journal article about a topic related to a regional topic within the context of the class, and you are asked to use articles from the JSTOR database. Unfortunately, Grossmont College does not have JSTOR available from its library, but some of you may have used JSTOR from institutions like Mesa, Palomar and Southwestern Colleges, in addition to San Diego State or Cal State San Marcos. Therefore I have provided you with an ample selection of articles that I have downloaded from Palomar College's JSTOR database. All you need to do is pick any of the articles for your review. Just click the "Files" section from the Canvas class menu, and open the folder that says "115_JSTOR_Articles." Inside the folder are several subfolders with topics arranged by nation, in alphabetical order. The articles are in PDF format and labeled by the topic of the article, so just browse the collection of articles before you make your final selection. You do not need to notify me of your article choice, just pick any one of the articles in any of those subfolders, and you're ready to roll! The due date for this review is Tuesday, May 23 at 11:59 PM. Late reviews will be accepted through May 26, with a one-grade late deduction added to your score. The report is to be 5-7 pages in length. Please be sure to use both a title page and works cited page. (title and works cited pages do not count toward the overall page count of your review) You are also encouraged to follow the MLA or Chicago formats to develop this report. Please double-space your review. This review will count as 20% toward your final grade. And in your works cited page, please list the name of the article that you will be summarizing and analyzing. This an example of the type of the format you should follow: “Argentina in 1983: Reflections on the Language of the Military and George Orwell," by Alberto Ciria. Canadian Journal of Latin American and Caribbean Studies, Vol. 11, No. 21 (1986), pp. 57-69. In terms of the content of the report, I am looking for two main points of discussion. First, you should devote the first half of the report to a summary of the main points that the author is trying to convey to the reader. To help you to address this issue, consider some of these questions: What type of article is this? Is the author presenting an original feature, or is he/she conducting a book review? If this is a book review, what book (or books) is being reviewed? What is the author’s purpose for writing this article? What is the author’s academic or professional background? As for the second point of discussion, this is where you provide your opinion or perceptions of the article. In other words, what did you think about it? What were the strengths or weaknesses of the article? How did the article relate to the class? You are definitely encouraged to write in first person singular (I feel that..., I think..) as you provide your opinions. As a general rule of thumb, your JSTOR review should be about 60% summary and 40% commentary. Thus a 5-page review with about 3 & 1⁄2 pages summary and 1 & 1⁄2 pages commentary is an ideal proportion.
Answer Below:
Fadi Sabah Professor Oscar CanedoCourse: HIST11523rd May 2034 JSTOR Article Review Assignment Works Cited: Ram?rez, Rafael L., V?ctor I. Garc?a-Toro, and Luis Solano-Castillo. "Men coming out in Puerto Rico."?Caribbean Studies?(2003): 37-58. Summary Considering the research which explores the societal barricade on a particular gender wherein men in Puerto Rico tend to experience backlashes due to the disparity in their sexual identity, this is a research paper rather than a new article since they have the particular methodology and participants included in order to mitigate the satisfaction factors of masculinity and sexual identities. The research also explores how the participants (males) are aware of their sexual preferences and how one interacts with their sexual preference that shows an uncommon take on societal perspective and stereotypical behavior towards sexual identities and support networks. Some of the intriguing points discussed in the research include a societal perspective on how masculinity is satisfied with sexual identities, wherein out of 40 respondents who participated in the research, the results show that a majority of percentage expressed satisfaction with their sexual identity, that being masculine the report recorded very satisfied and some of the participants reporting quite satisfied. Secondly, the research tends to explore the sexual preferential awareness of a particular gender, the research analyzes the awareness factor of sexual preference, and it resulted in depicting the different stages of men becoming aware, while a considerable majority of participants responded that their sexual preference by the age of 15 some even earlier but one important finding of the research was childhood sexual exploration and play were common experiences by the majority of the participants. Thirdly, the reactional discovery of the participants in terms of sexual preferences whereby the results depicted a mixed state of understanding, as the research recorded some of the behavioral patterns of the respondents showing they displayed signs of fear, curiosity, guilt, or shame; while a few depicted a sense of happiness considering the majority of participants who were not wanting to reveal personal reasons, but chose to hide their attractions and pass as a heterosexual primary intention to hide was stereotypical societal behavior towards homosexual identities during the early 2000s and pressure exerted on a particular gender through societal expectations and stigmatizations. Considering the disclosure of sexual preference another factor the researcher intended was disclosure of sexual preference wherein the majority of participants showed signs of reluctance in disclosing their sexual preference when they became sexually aware of their identity and preference; while at the same time, disclosure within the closed network of the participants involving families who were understanding and friends were common and although participants disclosed their sexual identities maintained discretion. Considering Support Networks, several participants reported an absence of support networks in embracing their sexual identities because acceptance required the support of other homosexual males through friendships, organizations, and social activities and the research depicted only a few participants sought professional assistance. In terms of assessing how the research paper was relatable to class, it is important to note that certain societal factors which has shaped present stigmatization such as awareness, management, and acceptance of sexual preferences of an individual and attraction. The research explores multicultural perspective on sexual preference and attraction from the viewpoint of sexual minorities in a society that was underdeveloped while criminalizing was chosen as a solution to fix same-sex acts, the research also confronts and discloses the differences at the faces of dominant heterosexism imposed by hegemonic masculinity disclosure. The research is unique for its concentration on a particular cultural and geographical context: Puerto Rico. The researchers underline the special obstacles that homoerotic person's experience in Puerto Rican society, wherein sexual actions between members of the same sex are considered criminal offences under Article 103 of the penal code. The report emphasizes the rising incidence of homophobia and the public image of GLBT people as ethical violators. Owing to the risk of rejection, persecution, and violence, it also highlights the survival techniques used by homoerotic males, which include closeted sexual orientation, selective openness, and privacy. From the standpoint of comparative history that we studied in the course and through all the previous assignments, the research tends to provide an improved comprehension of the recognition and revelation of homoerotic identities in a multicultural setting; as the researcher recognizes the predominance of Euro-American experiences in previous research on coming out and emphasize the importance of studies that include racially, ethnically, culturally, and economically different groups, by concentrating on Puerto Rico, the study provides perspectives on the junction of American cultural influence, imperial position, and a unique Puerto Rican cultural heritage. It implies that, although impacts from American gay and lesbian culture are present Puerto Rican cultural practices also impact the world of Puerto Rican gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender people. Considering the strength of the research paper, firstly, the methodological rigor as seen in the research paper employs a sound methodological approach, wherein the researchers acquired Institutional Review Board permission and conducted conventional sociological research protocols to ensure ethical issues were satisfied and also they performed face-to-face interviews with 40 adult males who have sex with men (MSM), with a subgroup of ten individuals receiving in-depth interviews, that gives access to the untampered first-hand primary data source. The incorporation of qualitative approaches enables a more in-depth investigation of gender and sexual identities. Secondly, considering the inclusivity of perspectives, the results of the research documented the variety of behaviors among MSM in the Puerto Rican region, while the researchers recruited individuals of various ages, taking into account demographic changes in the definitions of gender and sexuality and attempting to reach respondents from all socioeconomic groups and disseminated fliers at MSM-frequented sites. Some of the other strengths are the comprehensive data gathered on participants' demographics, employment expertise, healthcare knowledge, and varying perspectives, risk-taking behaviors, and acceptance/rejection of characteristics related to Puerto Rican masculinity, and also the inclusion of questions about both heterosexual and homosexual practices that enabled a thorough study of the views and experiences of the participants. Considering the weakness, I believe there were limitations in Sampling since the study recognizes the difficulties in finding participants from the MSM population, especially the impoverished and privileged sections; However, despite the use of snowball and arbitrary selection approaches, the sample size of 40 participants could not sufficiently reflect the variety of Puerto Rico's MSM community, and also the difficulties in obtaining individuals from underserved sectors may restrict the findings' generalizability. Secondly, the lack of Transgender and Transsexual Perspectives, since it targeted a particular gender in the research expressly that transgender and transsexual people weren't included in the population being studied. Given the study's goal of studying masculine and sexual identities, the absence of these viewpoints may restrict the study's findings' comprehensiveness, and in order to create a more comprehensive perspective of gender and sexuality, future research should include integrating these marginalized voices. Thirdly, the biases reported in the research tend to be Self-Reporting; participants may produce biased or socially desired replies, particularly when addressing sensitive themes like sexuality since the report does not go into detail on the steps used to reduce this bias, which may have an impact on the findings' validity. Conclusion In conclusion, the result of the research tends to evaluate the information gathered from 40 participants pertaining to the satisfaction with their gender and sexual identity; when analyzing this material from a comparative historical standpoint in accordance with my understanding, we can evaluate how people in other time periods or civilizations might interpret and respond to the information; considering replies and other data's obtained from participants, the majority of respondents were satisfied with their masculine and sexual identities; However, three participants reported being dissatisfied with their sexual identities, including two bisexual persons who voiced bewilderment and discontent about their sexuality but it is important to note that replies illustrate the difficulties that people who do not comply to standard binary gender and sexual norms confront. The interviews also provided insight into the lives of bisexual people, who talked about the problems they had as a result of being perceived as socially excluded by both homosexual and straight societies. This exemplifies the complexities of sexual orientation and the social interactions that underlie it. The focus on sexual practices and fantasies reflects the LGBTQ+ community's varied spectrum of experiences and aspirations. In terms of the researcher's point of view, it is impossible to determine their precise position based only on the facts presented; on the other hand, it offers the respondents' experiences and viewpoints without obvious prejudice or judgment. The inclusion of a wide range of perspectives and experiences implies an endeavor to give a complete grasp of the subject. This issue is relevant to current debates in the United States over LGBTQ+ rights, identity, and acceptance since several individuals face challenges with embracing their sexual orientations, as well as the necessity for communities of support, echo with modern issues of coming out and obtaining tolerance from the societal perspectives stigmatizing sexual identities. Some respondents' experiences with rejection, humiliation, and prejudice emphasize the ongoing significance of fostering diversity and battling homophobia and stigma. In conclusion, this data analysis reveals that people's contentment with their gender and sexual identities may differ and that social standards, individual encounters, and moral backing structures all play important roles. The topic is relevant to current political and cultural issues in the United States, emphasizing the significance of acceptance, understanding, and equal rights for people of all sexual orientations.More Articles From History
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